Capital Punishment Essay - Death Penalty and the Clash of Moral Ideolog

The Death Penalty and the Clash of Moral Ideologies      Ã‚     "Capital punishment is a term which indicates muddled thinking." George Bernard Shaw  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The "muddled thinking" that Shaw speaks of is the thinking that perpetuates the controversy over capital punishment in the United States today.   The impractical concurrence of a theoretical, moral argument and definite, legal application has left all sides in this controversy dissatisfied with the ultimate handling of the issue.   There are legitimate ethical and empirical considerations that stand on both the side that favors and on the side that opposes the death penalty.   The general incompatibility of these considerations renders them irreconcilable.   It is within this condition of irreconcilability that the government must initiate and implement its policies regarding capital punishment.   This fixed condition has led to the necessity for and creation of comprises between both sites of this debate, attempting to synthesize the considerations of the t wo. The contentious issue of the capital punishment was rekindled in the 1970s when, in 1976, the Supreme reinstated the practice after a four-year hiatus.   The arguments that comprise much of the legal debate on the issue stem from the eighth and fourteenth amendments to the United States Constitution.   The eighth reads, "Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted." 1       The final clause of the first section of the fourteenth amendment explains, "nor shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws." 2     The 1976 ruling of Gregg v.... ... sides, regardless of personal conviction.   The inherent incompatibility of the arguments prevents any solution from meeting the expectations and satisfying the moral obligations of all parties.   This paradox leads to the need for compromise, in place of reconciliation, in death penalty legislation.   The status quo of the American legal system allows legislators to weigh the considerations of each side and come to some practical conclusion for the impractical clash of moral ideologies.    1  Ã‚  Ã‚   "Amendment VIII".   Constitution of the United States. 2  Ã‚  Ã‚   "Amendment XIV".   Constitution of the United States. 3   Gregg v. Georgia, 428 U.S. 153 (1976). United States Supreme Court.   Pp. 168-187. 4  Ã‚   "Leviticus".   The Soncino Chumash.   Pp. 760. 5  Ã‚   "Capital Punishment 1996".   Bureau of Justice Statistics Bulletin.   December 1997.   Pp. 3.         

The True Confession of Charlotte Doyle

The True Confessions of Charlotte Doyle June 4, 2012 Ann Lee 8D â€Å"The True Confessions of Charlotte Doyle† by Avi is about a thirteen-year-old girl, Charlotte Doyle, traveling from England to America, where her family was living. After the ship had left, she realized that she was the only female passenger on the ship, which was called Seahawk. Charlotte was an upper class and educated girl, unlike many of the sailors on the ship. Despite the fact that one of the sailors warned Charlotte about Captain Jaggery’s true side, Charlotte didn’t believe him and became friends with Captain Jaggery, who seemed like a gentleman to her.However, she realized that the captain was using her to get information and he was cruel to the sailors. Charlotte decided to join the rebels. The rebels wanted to kill the captain, who was cruel and mean to them, and Captain Jaggery was trying to prevent the sailors from rebelling against him. Clearly, there was a conflict between the reb els and Captain Jaggery. The climax of the story was when Captain Jaggery died by falling off the ship, and the conflict was also resolved, since the war between the rebels and Captain Jaggery was over. The main theme of this novel is the change of identity.Before her journey, she was just a rich, upper class girl, who was educated. But when she was on the ship with other sailors, she had to be one of them. She wore dirty clothes that she wasn’t allowed to wear at home and didn’t care about her manners and behaviors. Her parents always told her to behave like a lady, but her identity has changed when she was on the ship; she was acting like a different person. Clearly, change of identity took place in this novel. I like how this book was written in the perspective of a teenage girl, who is about my age. I could understand the character better, and read the book from her perspective.

Factors Affecting The Arbitrage Pricing Theory Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 11 Words: 3368 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Argumentative essay Did you like this example? Capital Markets play a vital role in the financial sector of each economy. The primary role of the capital market is to raise long-term funds for governments, banks, and corporations while providing a platform for the trading of securities. An efficient capital market can promote economic growth by attracting domestic and foreign capital. 1.1.2 Karachi Stock Exchange and its profile The Karachi Stock Exchange is an example of a capital market which is the biggest and most liquid exchange in Pakistan. It was declared the Best Performing Stock Market of the World for the year 2002. A total of 650 companies were listed on the Karachi Stock Exchange (KSE) as of endÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ March 2010, with paid up capital of Rs. 894.2 billion. Aggregate market capitalization as at end March, stood at Rs. 2,890 billion (US$ 35 billion). (Source: Economic Survey of Pakistan) Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Factors Affecting The Arbitrage Pricing Theory Finance Essay" essay for you Create order 1.1.3 KSE- 100 INDEX The primary objective of the KSE100 index is to have a benchmark by which the stock price performance can be compared to over a period of time. In particular, the KSE 100 is designed to provide investors with a sense of how the Pakistan equity market is performing. The KSE-100 Index was introduced in November 1999 with base value of 1,000 points. The Index comprises of 100 companies selected on the basis of sector representation and highest market capitalization, which captures over 80% of the total market capitalization of the companies listed on the Exchange. Out 35 Sectors, 34 companies are selected i.e. one company from each sector (excluding Open-End Mutual Fund Sector) on the basis of the largest market capitalization and the remaining 66 companies are selected on the basis of largest market capitalization in descending order. This is a total return index i.e. dividend, bonus and rights are adjusted. The formula for calculating the KSE- 100 Index is: [(Sum of Shares Outstanding x Current Price) / Base Period Value] x 1000 Or (Market Capitalization / Base Divisor) x 1000 1.1.4 Top 30 KSE 100 Index Companies The following is a list of 30 companies with the highest market capitalization volume and their respective weightages in the index and account for over 80% of the KSE index as of February 20, 2008: Number Company Name Weightage (%) Market Capitalization (PKR) 1 OGDCL 14.14 550,948,930,000 2 MCB 7.17 279,583,150,000 3 National Bank of Pakistan 5.43 211,726,900,000 4 Pakistan Petroleum 5.06 197,201,080,000 5 Standard Chartered Bank 4.41 171,704,800,000 6 PTCL 4.28 166,810,800,000 7 United Bank Limited 4.13 161,025,160,000 8 Jahangir Siddiqui Company 2.66 103,600,000,000 9 Pakistan State Oil 2.08 81,034,440,000 10 Allied Bank Limited 2.01 78,371,670,000 11 Nestlà © Pakistan 1.93 75,280,250,000 12 Pakistan Oilfields 1.71 66,824,220,000 13 Fauji Fertilizer Company 1.68 65,607,390,000 14 ABN AMRO 1.63 63,666, 370,000. 15 Engro Chemical 1.45 56,492,990,000 16 Arif Habib Securities 1.40 54,660,000,000 17 NIB Bank 1.27 49,320,250,000 18 Kot Addu Power Company 1.19 46,565,400,000 19 EFU General Insurance 1.16 45,300,000,000 20 Bank of Punjab 1.13 43,869,030,000 21 Fauji Fertilizer Bin Qasim 1.06 41,474,480,000 22 Bank Alfalah 1.03 39,975,000,000 23 Adamjee Insurance 1.01 39,258,300,000 24 Pakistan Tobacco Company 0.99 38,707,280,000 25 Sui Northern Gas Pipelines 0.98 38,300,100,000 26 Hub Power Company 0.98 38,128,240,000 27 Dawood Hercules Chemicals 0.91 35,549,620,000 28 Habib Metropolitan Bank 0.91 35,354,280,000 29 EFU Life Assurance 0.89 34,750,000,000 30 Lucky Cement 0.86 33,593,480,000 Relevance of the Topic and Research Title This research aims to identify what extra market factors should be considered as likely candidates when investigating stock market volatility and in that lies this research titles relevance. The APT model is dependent on many variable factors and there are various adverse factors in Pakistan which affects stocks returns in the KSE like political tensions, law and order situation, water shortage, floods, earthquakes and flood and energy crisis. So this thesis paper will help to identify the factors which have a positive, negative or no correlation with stock returns. Impact of 2008 Economic/ Political Crisis on KSE 100 Index The KSE 100 Index had many swings during the fiscal year 2008 and the key factors affecting it were as follows: May 23: High inflation in the month of May, 2008 resulted in the unexpected increase in the interest rates by State Bank of Pakistan which eventually resulted in sharp fall in Karachi Stock Exchange and its indexes. July 16: KSE-100 Index dropped one-third from an all-time high hit in April, 2008 as rising pressure on Pakistans government to tackle Taliban militants worsens concern about the countrys economic woes. July 17: Angry investors attacked the Karachi Stock Exchange in protest at plunging Pakistani share prices which further led to a decrease in share prices. August 18: KSE 100 Index rose more than 4% after the announcement of the resignation of President Pervez Musharraf. So the chain of events/ facts shows how different incidents/ factors can affect the share prices in Pakistan and that is what this research paper will aim at. Background information and Evolution Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) The capital asset pricing model states that the price of a stock is related to two variables; the time value of money and the risk of the stock.   The time value here is represented by the risk free rate of interest. The CAPM model keeps into account the overall stock market risk and that is the only factor which it incorporates, something which became dubious when this asset pricing model was used in earlier times. Later, researchers figured out that there were other factors as well which would affect stock returns so a new model for pricing was needed. Arbitrage Pricing Theory (APT) The APT states that each stocks return to the investor is influenced by several independent factors. It is given by the following formulae: Expected Return = RF + B1 x (factor 1) + B2 x (factor 2) + + Bn x (factor n) Where: RF = the risk free interest rate is the interest rate the investor would expect to receive from a risk free investment. b = the sensitivity of the stock to each factor. Factor = the risk premium associated with each factor. There are no specific factors for this model as theory doesnt suggest any, because the stock returns could vary as one stock might be more sensitive to one factor than another. For example the price of crude oil might be sensitive to the share of OGDCL but not to the share of MCB. There are other various macroeconomic variables which affect the arbitrage pricing model which includes Inflation, GNP, Shifts in Yield Curve and Investor Confidence. Characteristics of the Arbitrage Pricing Model Arbitrage Pricing Model considers the following risk factors: Company specific risk. Interest rate (time horizon risk). Inflation risk. Confidence risk. A multi factor or multi variable model best describes the arbitrage pricing model. It does not specify its risk factors. Timely and accurate information of the variables is required. The relationship should be theoretically justifiable on economic grounds. It works better for individual stocks rather than for a group of stocks. It is used less than the Build-up model, CAPM model or the Discounted Cash Flow model. 1.3.4 Difference between CAPM and APT model The difference between CAPM and arbitrage pricing theory is that CAPM has a single non-company factor and a single beta, whereas arbitrage pricing theory separates out non-company factors into as many as proves necessary to be included. Each of these requires a separate beta. The beta of each factor is the sensitivity of the price of the security to that factor. 1.3.5 Advantages and limitations of the APT model Following are the advantages of the APT model: It is not as restrictive as the CAPM in its requirement about individual portfolios and with respect to the information structure it allows. It allows multiple sources of risk which provides an explanation of what moves stock returns. Limitation of the APT model: APT expects investors to assume or perceive the risk sources. 1.3.6 Assumptions of the Arbitrage Pricing Theory Capital Markets are perfectly competitive. Investors always prefer more wealth to less wealth. Perfect competition prevails and there is no transaction cost in the market: frictionless market. Managerial Concerns pertaining to Research Decisions are made by managers every day. And in order to make fruitful decisions one needs to have firm knowledge over the issue or need to research and know about it to master at whatever they want to do. So the more important the decisions and their impact, the more important the research becomes. If decisions are made randomly then their consequences would be resulting in considerable harm to a large number of people related to it. Hence the research should be refined so that managers can use them to apply the theory and findings to their daily life. From this research, managers can get to know which factors affect their companys stock prices so they would devise policies with regard to that in the favor of their companies to avoid losses. Academic Concerns pertaining to Research Students and researchers might find it important to consult the research paper in order to understand the underlying concept of the topic researched on. It could be of vital importance if they want to derive on to something related to the topic. Also the research can be used to see how analysis is carried out in the case of stock returns and its factors and which factors affect the stock returns. Keywords and Definitions Arbitrage: It is the process of earning profits by taking advantage of differential pricing for the same asset. Arbitrage Pricing Theory: The theory focuses to calculate the returns in absence of arbitrage-condition of artificially overpricing or underpricing a product. It applies to economies that are regulated by the Law of One Price which states that two identical goods cant be sold at the same price. Arbitrage Pricing Model: An asset pricing model which predicts a relationship between the returns of a  portfolio and the returns of a single asset through a linear combination of many independent macro-economic variables. Stock Market: It is the market in which  shares are issued and traded either through exchanges or  over-the-counter markets. Also known as the equity market, it is one of the most vital areas of a market economy as it provides companies with access to capital and investors with a slice of ownership in the company and  the potential of gains based on  the companys  future performance. Multifactor Model: A multifactor model is an alternative to a single risk based model. It can either be from an Arbitrage pricing theory or from a multi-beta CAPM perspective incorporating multiple factors which are responsible for the asset returns. Study Objectives To find out which factors have a linkage with stock prices in general and with respect to Karachi Stock Exchange. To find out which factors have a positive, negative or no correlation with stock prices in the stock market. Chapter 2: Literature Review Various literatures were consulted for this research paper and it was found that the level of return achieved or expected from an investment is dependent on a variety of factors. The single index model or the CAPM was developed by Sharpe (1963) which was unsuccessful as its main shortcoming was that it used only the market return as a single factor to determine security return. This led way to the multifactor model or APT model developed by Ross (1976) which incorporated other variables affecting stock returns. 2.1 Evidence from Stock Markets 2.1.1 Evidence from the Japanese Stock Market A.A Azeez and Yasuhiro investigated the evidence of pricing of macroeconomic factors in the Japanese stock market during the bubble period using the Arbitrage Pricing Theory model. They also examined the pre and post bubble periods in order to compare the robustness of prices factors over the bubble period. The main objective of their study is to analyze empirically the asset pricing mechanism of Japanese stock market during the bubble economy by the use of macroeconomic based APT. The data is divided into the three bubble categories in order to analyze the results and in each period there are four factors which carry risk premiums in the Japanese stock market; money supply, inflation, exchange rate and industrial production. In choosing the variables special consideration is given to any economic announcements which will affect stock price movements if the new information revealed by announcements affects either expectations of future dividends or discount rates or both.  [1] 2.1.2 Evidence from Turkish Stock Exchange Ahmet gave evidence of effects from Turkish Stock Exchange stating seven macroeconomic variables (consumer price index, money market interest rate, gold price, industrial production growth index, oil price, foreign exchange rate and money supply) affecting the Istanbul stock Exchange Index- 100. He designed a multiple regression model and concluded saying that interest rate, industrial production index, oil price and foreign exchange rate have negative effect on ISE-100 index while money supply has a positive one. On the contrary inflation rate and gold price does not have any significant effect on the dependent variable. 2.1.3 Evidence from Indian Stock Exchange Aman from India has carried out a research based on literature review and has concluded the relevance of macroeconomic factor for stock markets. According to his findings stock markets are affected by macroeconomic factors which may be local or international. Key variables mentioned by him affecting in the longer run are industrial production, inflation, foreign exchange rate, interest rate and money supply. 2.1.4 Evidence from Italian Stock Market Arduino Cagnetti did an empirical study in the Italian Stock Market by comparing the APT and CAPM models and found that APT performs better than the CAPM in all aspects. Many of the factors that he found significant were inflation, interest rates, money variables, market indices, production indices and international trade variables. 2.1.5 Evidence from Karachi Stock Market Babar, Kashif, Aslam and Nadeem documented the results by examining the stock returns variations to specific economic variables by applying a multi factor model in context of Karachi Stock Exchange. The 32 firms for which data was taken were related from the two most important industries of Pakistan: Banking and Textile Industry which were the top performers at KSE-100 index. They incorporated variables like market index, consumer price index, risk free rate of return, exchange rate, industrial production growth rate, money supply and individual industrial production to run analysis using the GARCH model. Javed Iqbal and Aziz Haider provide evidence from the Karachi Stock Exchange by carrying out the exploratory factor analysis by breaking the sample for stability testing. They chose sixteen macroeconomic variables out of which some were interest rate, money market rate, long term interest rate yield and regional market. 2.2 Joint estimation of factor sensitivities and risk premia for the APT In this study Edwin and Marjorie maintained a linear factor model and used both measured and unmeasured factors to estimate a LFM, the APT, and a CAPM. They found that the January effect is an important determinant of expected returns. The existence of a January effect that is not explained by this set of factors is evident, but, it would be trivial to add a portfolio that exhibits a strong January effect and hence represents a January factor. 2.3 The Conditional relation between Beta and Returns In this paper, Glenn, Sridhar and Ike find a consistent and highly significant relationship between beta and cross-sectional portfolio returns. The key distinction between the tests is the recognition that the positive relationship between returns and beta predicted by the Sharpe-Lintner-Black model which is based on expected rather than realized returns. In periods where excess market returns are negative, an inverse relationship between beta and portfolio returns should exist. 2.4 Explaining the cross section of returns via a multi factor APT model This paper by Jianping uses an autoregressive approach to test a multi-factor model with time-varying risk premiums. A quasi-differencing approach is used to eliminate the unobservable factors in the model. It is found that the model is capable of capturing the size effect and the dividend yield effect, but is incapable of explaining the book-to-market effect and the earnings-price ratio effect. Thus, it is concluded that a constant-beta multi-factor model will not be able to explain the cross-sectional variation in expected returns. 2.5 Economic Forces and the Stock Market This paper tests whether innovations in macroeconomic variables are risks that are rewarded in the stock market. Financial theory suggests that the following macroeconomic variables should systematically affect stock market returns: the spread between long and short interest rates, expected and unexpected inflation, industrial production, and the spread between high and low grade bonds. It is found that these sources of risk are significantly priced. Furthermore, neither the market portfolio nor aggregate consumption is priced separately. Also the oil price risk is not separately rewarded in the stock market. 2.6 Macroeconomic factors do influence aggregate stock returns This paper helps to find that the stock market returns are significantly correlated with inflation and money growth. The impact of real macroeconomic variables on aggregate equity returns has been difficult to establish, perhaps because their effects are neither linear nor time invariant. GARCH model of daily equity returns is used for estimation, where realized returns and their conditional volatility depend on 17 macro series announcements. Six factors are used: three nominal (CPI, PPI, and a Monetary Aggregate) and three real (Balance of Trade, Employment Report, and Housing Starts). Popular measures of overall economic activity, such as Industrial Production or GNP are not used. Chapter 3: Methodology and Analytical Choices 3.1 Framework of Analysis Dependent Variable: KSE 100 index Independent Variables (Factors): Consumer Price Index (measure of inflation) Money supply Interest Rates Exchange Rates Gross Domestic Product (measure of output) Potential Factors which havent been incorporated: Business cycle/ Time Horizon Regional Market Return Political Events (corruption, Assassinations, law and order situation) Natural Disasters/ Calamities Gold Price Industrial Production Growth Rate Oil Price Shifts in yield curves Default risk premiums for bonds(measures investor confidence) Private placements January effect Bank mergers Announcement effects (mergers, monetary policy) 3.2 Statement of Research Hypothesis Hypothesis 1: Ho: Consumer Price Index has a significant impact on KSE 100 index. H1: Consumer Price Index does not have a significant impact on KSE 100 index. Hypothesis 2: Ho: Money supply has a significant impact on KSE 100 index. H1: Money supply does not have a significant impact on KSE 100 index. Hypothesis 3: Ho: Interest Rates have a significant impact on KSE 100 index. H1: Interest Rates do not have a significant impact on KSE 100 index. Hypothesis 4: Ho: Exchange rates have a significant impact on KSE 100 index. H1: Exchange rates do not have a significant impact on KSE 100 index. Hypothesis 5: Ho: GDP have a significant impact on KSE 100 index. H1: GDP do not have a significant impact on KSE 100 index. 3.3 Elements of Research Design Type of Research: Exploratory research as the problem has not been clearly defined and the problem has multiple sensitivities attached to it. Study Setting: Natural as the data will be derived without any intervention from the natural environment. Nature of Data: Time Series Data. Data Collection Preferences Data is to be calculated for a period of 10 years so that there is no potential bias due to time horizon. Variable Definition Sources KSE 100 index It is a stock index acting as a benchmark to compare prices on the Karachi Stock Exchange (KSE) over a period of time State Bank of Pakistan Consumer Price Index It measures changes through time in the price level of consumer goods and services purchased by households Federal Bureau of Statistics Gross Domestic Product It is the market value of all final goods and services made within the borders of a country in a year CIA World Fact book Money Supply Money and quasi money comprise the sum of currency outside banks, demand deposits other than those of the central government, and the time, savings, and foreign currency deposits of resident sectors other than the central government. This definition is frequently called M2 International Financial Statistics Interest Rate It is the money ma rket interest rate. State Bank of Pakistan Exchange Rate This entry provides the official value of a countrys monetary unit at a given date or over a given period of time, as expressed in units of local currency per US dollar CIA World Fact book 3.5 Data Collection and Related Procedures Exploratory research often relies on secondary sources such as reviewing available literature or data so secondary sources will be used to collect data. That includes research papers and literature reviews taken online from various electronic journals and databases and course books for theory purposes. 3.6 Statement of Analytical Approach and Methodology Descriptive Statistics will be used initially and then covariance of dependent and independent variables will be seen to check for variables. When variables will be finalized, autocorrelation will be done to check for stationarity and then econometric modeling will be done by using multi regression model using the OLS to find out the hypothesis results. 3.7 Limitations With Arbitrage Pricing Model it is difficult to identify the appropriate relevant factors as theory does not suggest any specific ones. Monthly data was not available for all variables so yearly had to be taken into account which might affect the analysis results.

The Civil War And Emancipation - 1036 Words

The Civil War, at first, was about slavery; however, the meaning of the war began to change, and it began to be associated with healing. There were actually two main visions of the Civil War, and Blight calls these â€Å"twin goals† and â€Å"competing interests.† One was to deal with the negative impacts, which brought about a sense of healing. The second was regarding the emancipation of slaves. One vision was about healing, while the other was about justice, and Blight notes this in the prologue and states, â€Å"Americans faced an overwhelming task after the Civil War and emancipation: how to understand the tangled relationship between two profound ideas–healing and justice† (Blight, Prologue, page 3). In addition, in part two of Blight’s video†¦show more content†¦He states, â€Å"We never found an adequate way in this society to put healing and justice in a historical balance† (Blight, online resource). Only one had to win over the other, and the winner was healing. He also says the same in Chapter 1; he concludes, â€Å"But the new nation awaiting rebirth also had the thought of black equality on one side, the knowledge of sectional reunion on the other side, and no muse yet in the middle holding their hands† (Blight, Chapter 1, page 30). Again, Blight’s argument is that it probably never even was possible for there to exist a balance between healing and justice. Blight states in the prologue, â€Å"Defeated white southerners and black former slaves faced each other on the ground, seeing and knowing the awful chasm between their experiences, unaware that any path would lead to their reconciliation† (Blight, Prologue, page 3). The sacrificing of racial justice was an inevitable cost of attempts to reconcile between the north and the south. An example of that from Chapter 22 in Bailey is the Ku Klux Klan. Numerous whites disliked the success that blacks were experiencing, so they formed the Ku Klux Klan. Members of the society instilled fear into blacks in order to prevent them from voting. They used extreme violence, which, by the 1890s, led to nearly the disenfranchisement of all blacks. Basically, because attempts to forge reconciliation between the north and the south

Analysis Of The Poem Ozymandias - 1512 Words

In 1818, Percy Bysshe Shelley wrote Ozymandias, which is a highly complex yet compact poem. The historical context of the poem is important to consider when analyzing the poem for underlying perspectives. Johnstone Parr, an author that contributed to Keats-Shelley Journal, analyzed the poem for historical influences, and learned the following: â€Å"The ultimate source of information concerning Ozymandias is the account in Diodorus Siculus’ Biliotheca Historica (first century B.C.). Diodurus remarks that at the second gateway of the funeral temple or â€Å"tomb† of an Egyptian king known as â€Å"Osymandyas† are three statues, each of stone, the workmanship of Memnon of Sientias. Historians and archaeologists of the twentieth century seem to be agreed†¦show more content†¦Most obviously this refers to the Ozymandias’ reading of his achievement and the poet’s apparent reinterpretation of it in the light of time’s triumph and the surr ounding void. But there are more than two readers here and more than one text to be read. There are two readers of events who speak the poem: the traveler and â€Å"I† (we will call him Shelley†) who met him, heard his words and recorded them. There are two more readers in the poem to whom at least one of the first pair, the traveler, refers: Ozymandias and the sculptor who â€Å"well those passions read which yet survive†¦Ã¢â‚¬  And there is a fifth reader outside the poem whose job it presumably is to read, interpret, and understand them all. Taken collectively, they represent a considerable range of types of readers, of ways in which written or other material may be approached------different types, more completely, of creators and interpreters since all are in some way both† (Freedman). Part of the complexity arises from the statues expression which is originally relayed through the traveler; however, the sculptor’s unique depiction of the pharaoh may not have shown the pharaoh’s true visage. 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Ozymandias like many other leaders from the past were corrupted by their power. These leaders were blinded by their power thinking that they could overcome anything. In the end their obsession with power leads them nowhere. The theme of this poem is that powerRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem Ozymandias By Percy Bysshe Shelley1373 Words   |  6 Pagesand the destruction of the Persian Empire by Alexander the Great are all vivid examples of opulence being crushed by fate. In the poem â€Å"Ozymandias†, by Percy Bysshe Shelley, through the use of symbols, several allitera tions, repetitive end rhyme and iambic pentameter the vanity found in human works and the futility of opulence and power is displayed. All throughout the poem is this vanity present as a traveler describes the destroyed stone figure, which at some point represented magnificence and powerRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem Ozymandias By Percy Bysshe Shelley1371 Words   |  6 Pagesas I progress through my degree. 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But the monuments, his self-praising idols, and, in sum, his empire have allRead MoreSonnet Analysis : Ozymandias And The Second Coming1253 Words   |  6 Pages Sonnet Analysis: Ozymandias and The Second Coming Name: Date: Sonnet Analysis: Ozymandias and The Second Coming Ozymandias and The Second Coming are interesting pieces that easily capture the attention of the reader. From the titles to themes and other literary elements, it is indisputable that indeed these pieces qualify for analysis. There are major themes that come out in each of the sonnets. To start with The Second Coming, some of the themes that emerge include good versus evilRead MoreAnalysis of I wondered Lonely as a Cloud by William Wordsworth1309 Words   |  6 PagesIn vacant or in pensive mood, They flash upon that inward eye Which is the bliss of solitude; And then my hearth with pleasure fills, And dances with the daffodils. Analysis: Wordsworth had nature as his religion, and that was the main theme of his work and also a characteristic of romanticism. And it’s also very clear on this poem. As literary devices, we have Alliteration on the second line of the first stanza, alliteration and assonance on the fifth line of the first stanza and personificationRead MoreMorality And Moral Decision Making2005 Words   |  9 Pagesantagonist, Ozymandias, may be seen as the savior of mankind, depending on the perspective taken. Through one lens, Ozymandias is a cold blooded killer of innocents. However, alternatively, he is a strategic mastermind and took a calculated risk for the betterment of mankind as a whole. Moral decisions that balance individual rights versus a utilitarian approach are not limited to the fictional world of Watchmen. In August of 1945, President Harry Truman made a decision similar to Ozymandias, to placeRead MoreThe Road Not Taken By Robert Frost1221 Words   |  5 Pagesis a dynamic and deep poem orchestrated to perfection. However, equal to its acclaim, is the misunderstanding of the poem. A piece of literature of this stature deserves to be under the microscope of our classes critical discussions. I believe that the time would be beneficial to everyone. Giving a breath of fresh air to a poem that has been abused by Hallmark cards for decades. Room should be made for the inclusion of this outstanding literature. In the opinion of this poem having literary merit

Concussions free essay sample

The new rules in the National Football League are changing the way the game is being played and the way it affects the players. One of the many ways it affects the players is benefiting their health, and that’s why most of the new rules are added into the NFL. There is an average of 128 concussions per year and about nine concussions per week. There are positive ends and negative ends of the whole situation that can make the game boring for the players and also the spectators. This also makes the game safer for the players in their long-term life from their kids to their own health. The NFL could be changing for the better, or for the worse of it. First, player safety has always been the number one priority in the NFL since the first day it has came around. In the most recent years of the NFL they have been making more rules to immensely reduce the contact to the neck and shoulder area. We will write a custom essay sample on Concussions or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This has been a good addition to the NFL to keep the players in the game longer. Concussions are a big cause of Alzheimers disease. Another good reason for the new rules to protect the players is that the concussions can give the player’s future kids autism or Down syndrome. One of the main causes of concussions in the NFL is the kick-off. That is because both of the teams are running full speed at each other and are trying to bust open wedges, and other blocks coming their way, with their heads. And because of this reason they moved the spot of the kick-off forward so that the kickers would kick it out of the end zone and cause a touchback so they players aren’t obligated to hit each other. They have also started to protect the quarterbacks a lot more than they have in the past by paying way more attention to where the defending player is hitting the quarterback. Another way to prevent the concussions causing hits is to start fining the players that are doing the hitting. Depending on the severity of the hit the fines could go from 25,000 dollars to 75,000 dollars. These fines have made the players cut down on their helmet to helmet hitting because of they do not want to be spending money on things they don’t want to spend their money on. All those concussions can have devastating long-term impact on NFL players. Many former players, still young, report persistent headaches, fatigue, and difficulty paying attention, memory problems, mood swings, and personality changes. This can affect their life that is including their social and family life. The personality changes and mood swings can cause family and friends to not like to be around them very much if at all any more. The headaches can cause physical pain the player and cause them to not be as happy any more and more aggressive. The rate of dementia among retired players is six times higher in players over fifty than the regular population. The companies that develop the helmets have started to make new helmets that absorb the shock of the hits way more than they have in the past. They are starting to bring down the concussion rate, which is making the game of football more protective and safer than it has ever been. There are four main points that the developers are working on, the outer shell, the inner shell, the chinstrap, and the facemask. These are all the most important areas of the helmet that are protecting the players. On the opposition, the rules are a terrible idea because they are taking away from the fun of the game.

The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes Essay Example For Students

The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes Essay How are Heroes and Villains Presented in The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle?  In The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, Sherlock Holmes, a famous detective, has to face and unveil a number of villainous plots, the first of which being a scandal in bohemia, where for the first and only time Irene Adler, the villain, get the better of Holmes and out foxes him.  Sherlock Holmes was created in the Victorian era by Arthur Conan Doyle. Holmes sidekick Doctor Watson is not as clever as Holmes and Holmes is clever, cunning and witty. He seems to get every misty solved except for that of Irene Adler. We will write a custom essay on The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The first mystery I am going to write about is that of The speckled band. In this story the Villain, Dr Roylott seems like the usual villain. He is described as A large face with a thousand wrinkles. This shows he has seen and done a lot of things he may regret and that he is old and wise. He was clever and watched everything and was always aware. While his deep set, bile shot eyes and a fleshless nose, gave him a resemblance to a hawk. He is very aware and knows what he is doing. However Sherlock Holmes recognises this fact and he says When a Doctor goes wrong he is the worst type of criminal, he has nerve and he has knowledge. Sherlock Holmes is clever and recognises his enemys weakness, his temper. He stepped swiftly forwards and seized the poker and bent it into a curve with his huge brown hands. The reason Roylott wants to murder his step daughters is explained by Holmes. Each daughter can claim an income of two hundred and fifty pounds, in case of marriage. It is evident therefore that if both girls claimed their money he would be left with a mere pittance. He is a greed man and would do anything, even murder his step daughters to keep his money. Mr Rucastle from The Copper Beaches is similar and different in many ways to Doctor Roylott. He is described as A comfortable man with a smiley face. At first he seems kind and generous. However he does make threats your in my power implying that he could do to Sherlock Holmes and Doctor Watson whatever he wanted, including being able to hurt them. The similarities are that they both kept dangerous animals that ended up hurting and in one case, killing the owner. Diamond shaped head and a puffed neck of a loathsome serpent. It also says he (Dr Roylott) had a Passion for Indian animals. Mr Rucastle calls his dog, my mastiff and he also says God help the trespasser whom he lays his fangs on. Both stories involve the villains daughter or step daughter who was about to be married. However they had different motives for stopping their daughters getting married. Doctor Roylott was for money and Mr Rucastle was because he did not want to lose his daughter. Mr Rucastle was an obsessive man who didnt want to let his daughter go. So in some ways he was trying to do what he thought was the right thing, he was trying to protect her. In the end he paid for his deeds Mr Rucastle survived but was always a broken man kept alive solely through the care of his devoted wife. This was after the attack by the Mastiff. Sherlock Holmes said this about Mr Rucastle I tell you that he is a very clever and dangerous man. Irene Adler is the only villain to out wit Holmes in the whole of these short stories. Notably she is also the only female villain. She isnt like a normal type of villain because her motive is the fact that she does it for fun, not for money or personal gain. She is also different because she does not look like the usual villain because she is beautiful. The face of most beautiful of women and she has the soul of steel which implies that she is very clear with her decision making and strong hearted. Sherlock Holmes admires her sense of determination and how hard she works. In his eyes she eclipses and culminates the whole of her sex. .u19a77a7e28fd2ce617dddbfafc0971f9 , .u19a77a7e28fd2ce617dddbfafc0971f9 .postImageUrl , .u19a77a7e28fd2ce617dddbfafc0971f9 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u19a77a7e28fd2ce617dddbfafc0971f9 , .u19a77a7e28fd2ce617dddbfafc0971f9:hover , .u19a77a7e28fd2ce617dddbfafc0971f9:visited , .u19a77a7e28fd2ce617dddbfafc0971f9:active { border:0!important; } .u19a77a7e28fd2ce617dddbfafc0971f9 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u19a77a7e28fd2ce617dddbfafc0971f9 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u19a77a7e28fd2ce617dddbfafc0971f9:active , .u19a77a7e28fd2ce617dddbfafc0971f9:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u19a77a7e28fd2ce617dddbfafc0971f9 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u19a77a7e28fd2ce617dddbfafc0971f9 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u19a77a7e28fd2ce617dddbfafc0971f9 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u19a77a7e28fd2ce617dddbfafc0971f9 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u19a77a7e28fd2ce617dddbfafc0971f9:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u19a77a7e28fd2ce617dddbfafc0971f9 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u19a77a7e28fd2ce617dddbfafc0971f9 .u19a77a7e28fd2ce617dddbfafc0971f9-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u19a77a7e28fd2ce617dddbfafc0971f9:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: To Kill a Mockingbird by the author Harper Lee EssayShe toys with Holmes and makes him look like and idiot. Holmes beaten by a womens wit, this was very unusual in Victorian times, as women were seen as more inferior to men. The whole plot of the story The scandal in Bohemia is about the men verses women argument.  Sherlock Holmes throughout the whole book portrays an image of intelligence and cleverness. He is calm under pressure and always has a clever back-chat answer to all threats. For example when Doctor Roylott came to visit. He stepped swiftly forwards and seized the poker and bent it into a curve with his huge brown hands. Holmes answer to this was to laugh at the threat. I am not quite so bulky, but if he had remained I might have shown him that my own grip was not much more feeble than his own. As he spoke he picked up the steel poker and with a sudden effort straightened it out again. He is also very observant. In The Scandal in Bohemia he talks to Watson. You see but you do not observe. I conclude that on the whole the Adventures of Sherlock Holmes shows the common villain. Mean, horrible and harsh, however there are some exceptions for example, Irene Adler and at the beginning of The Copper Beaches Mr Rucastle. Sherlock Holmes is the perfect hero who is calm, clever and cool; he even has a sidekick doctor Watson. How are Heroes and Villains Presented in The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle? I conclude they are presented predictable but there are some exceptions.